Over the next seven decades, the United States has made a series of concessions in Panama, including regular increases in annual payments, the construction of a $20 million canal bridge, and equal wages and working conditions for Panamanian and American workers in the canal area. The fundamental provisions of the 1903 treaty, in particular the right of the United States to control and operate the canal, remained unchanged until the late 1970s. In the 1960s, Panamanians revolted several times in the canal area because of the refusal of the American authorities to raise the Panamanian flag and other nationalist issues. After American troops suppressed such an insurgency in 1964, Panama temporarily severed diplomatic relations with the United States. b) For the duration of this treaty, the United States of America does not negotiate with third countries the right to build an interoceaanic channel on another line of the Western Hemisphere, unless the two parties reach an agreement on this point by other means. (a) The use for the above purposes, at no cost, except as stipulated in this Treaty, the various facilities and zones (including the Panama Canal) and the waters described in the agreement implementing this article are signed on this date, as well as the other areas and facilities made available to the United States of America under this treaty and related agreements. , and take the necessary measures to ensure the remediation of these areas; 1. The Republic of Panama, as territorial ruler, grants the United States of America the right to manage, operate and maintain the Panama Canal, its complementary work, facilities and equipment, and to ensure the orderly transit of ships through the Panama Canal. The United States of America accepts the granting of these rights and undertakes to exercise them in accordance with this treaty and related agreements. After years of negotiations on a new treaty on the Panama Canal, an agreement was reached in 1977 between the United States and Panama. The treaty signed on September 7, 1977 recognized Panama as a territorial ruler in the Canal Area, but gave the United States the right to continue to operate the canal until December 31, 1999. Despite considerable opposition from the U.S. Senate, the treaty was passed by a majority in September 1978.
It came into force in October 1979, and the canal came under the control of the Panama Canal Commission, an agency of five Americans and four Panamanians. 6. The Republic of Panama is responsible for providing general jurisdictional services, such as customs and immigration, postal services, courts and licences, in accordance with this treaty and related agreements, in all areas covering the former canal area. The Torrijos-Carter (tratados Torrijos-Carter) contracts were two contracts signed by the United States and Panama on September 7, 1977 in Washington, D.C. The treaties guaranteed that Panama would take control of the Panama Canal after 1999, ending the control of the canal that the United States had exercised since 1903. The treaties are named after the two signatories, U.S. President Jimmy Carter and The Commander of the Panama National Guard, General Omar Torrijos. The interest in finding a shortcut between the Atlantic and the Pacific was created in the early 19th century. 1523 by Emperor Charles V.
a measure of the isthmus of Panama and several plans were drawn up for a canal, but none was ever implemented. U.S. interest in the construction of a canal was sparked by the expansion of the American West and the California gold rush in 1848.
